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Indonesia kaya akan sumber daya alam yang berupa bahan-bahan mentah.
Sumber daya alam tersebut dimanfaatkan oleh Jepang sebagai bahan
industri yang akan digunakan untuk keperluan perang. Selain itu, bahan
makanan pun diperas untuk persediaan konsumsi para prajurit.
Indonesia was rich of natural resources in the form of raw materials. The natural resources were exploited by the Japanese as industrial material to be used for war Besides, food-stuff was also extorted for the consumption supply for soldiers.
In extorting the Indonesian natural resources the Japanese made use several ways as' follows:
- All plantations were controlled and the Japanese monopolized the buying of plantation crop.
- Plantation and other vital companies of the Dutch remainder were confiscated.
- Less beneficial plantations were limited or annihilated, for example tobacco plantation in Sumatra.
- Plantation which had been annihilated was changed with food-stuff crop or castor.
- Castor was required as material industry of lubricant for plane machine.
- The still required plantations were rubber, quinine, and sugar cane.
- Forests were cut away, with a reason to be used for farmland.
- 60% agricultural crop had to be delivered to the occupying government of Japanese and village granary, while people only obtaine4 40% from the agricultural crop.
- Beberapa cara Jepang dalam memeras sumber daya alam Indonesia antara lain sebagai berikut.
- Semua perkebunan diawasi dan Jepang memonopoli pembelian hasil-hasil perkebunan.
- Perkebunan dan perusahaan vital lainnya yang merupakan peninggalan Belanda disita.
- Jenis-jenis perkebunan yang kurang berguna dibatasi atau dimusnahkan, rnisalnya perkebunan tembakau di Sumatra.
- Perkebunan yang telah dimusnahkan diganti dengan tanaman bahan makanan atau dengin tanaman jarak. Tanaman jarak dibutuhkan untuk bahan industri minyak pelumas mesin pesawat terbang.
- Perkebunan yang masih dibutuhkan adalah perkebunan karet, kina, dan tebu.
- Hutan-butan ditebangi, dengan alasan akan digunakan untuk tanah pertan ian.
- 60% hasil pertanian harus diserahkan kepada pemerintah pendudukan Jepang dan lumbung desa. Sedangkan rakyat hanya memperoleh 40% dari hasil pertanian.
Deforestation wildly and without consideration had caused erosion danger and floods. Besides, the source of water resorption became to decrease. The effect of the situation, the Indonesian people more and more agonized. The erosion alleviated the fertility of the land and automatically the food production also decreased. The shortage of food-stuff caused a lot of Indonesian people suffered bloating to star-vation and suffered from various diseases because lack of nutrient.
Besides shortage of food-stuff, the Japanese military government encountered the problem of clothing deficiency. This matter was caused the government of Japanese could not import clothes, as the period of the Dutch colonization because in the state of war Therefore, Japanese obliged the Indonesian people to plant cotton. But, the result was less satisfactory. The shortage of suiting caused many people in rural area could not help to wear gunny sack clothes.
Penebangan hutan secara liar dan tanpa perhitungan telah menyebabkan bahaya erosi dan banjir. Selain itu, sumber-sumber resapan air menjadi berkurang. Akibat keadaan tersebut, rakyat Indonesia menjadi semakin mbnderita. Erosi yang terjadi menyebabkan kesuburan tanah berkurang, dan otomatis produksi makanan pun berkurang. Kurangnya bahan makanan menyebabkan banyak rakyat Indonesia menderita busung lapar dan menderita berbagai penyakit karena kekurangan gizi.
Selain kekurangan bahan makanan, pemerintah militer Jepang menghadapi persoalan kekurangan sandang. Hal ini disebabkan pemerintah Jepang tidak dapat mengimpor pakaian, seperti pada zaman penjajahan Belanda karena dalam keadaan perang. Oleh karena itu, Jepang mewaj ibkan rakyat Indonesia menanam kapas. Namun, hasilnya kurang memuaskan. Kurangnya bahan pakaian tersebut menyebabkan banyak rakyat di daerah pedesaan terpaksa memakai pakaian dari karunej goni atau bagor.
Sumber Pustaka: Yrama Widya
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